How to build hi-fi system

By What Hi Fi

4th January 2018

System building needs careful thought so, whether you're replacing or making improvements, we thought we'd offer a little advice...

"It’s no good having a band with the 10 best guitarists if I don’t have a pianist,” said former Real Madrid manager Manuel Pellegrini after losing his job.

It’s an elegant metaphor, whether it’s describing a musical ensemble, a football team or a hi-fi system. In essence, it’s about balance as much as individual quality. The whole should amount to more than, or at the very least equal, the sum of its parts.

But balance is one of those concepts that can be hard to define, let alone to find. While a lot of it boils down to trial and error, there are certain guidelines that will aid and, hopefully, ease your path to sonic enlightenment.

Set a budget

The first two questions you need to ask yourself are: what will you be using your system for, and how much are you willing to spend?

The latter relates to the former. It’d perhaps be easiest to begin at the start of the chain – what will you be using as your source?

Each decision will have a knock-on effect: if you play all your music from your smartphone or tablet, but still want a traditional hi-fi system, you’ll likely want something with Bluetooth built in. If you play mostly vinyl, you’ll need to think about whether you want a turntable with a phono stage or will buy the latter separately, for more versatility when upgrading in the future.

And if you've taken on the task of digitising your entire music collection, maybe it's time to retire that CD player and invest in a well-featured music streamer instead?

Make a list

It’s probably worth making a check-list of the features you want - such as a headphone output, or Bluetooth - and then prioritising the things you need most and those you can do without to make your money stretch further.

Having a realistic budget from the off will also help you spread your money more evenly. It should stop you buying your dream amplifier with the lion’s share only to match it with a budget turntable the flaws of which it’ll emphasise, and exacerbating things further by playing through a pair of speakers you found by your neighbour’s bin.

There’s more to careful pairing and system-building than simply buying components that retail at a similar price, of course, but budgeting properly for each part of the chain ought to set you on the correct path.

Think ahead

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You might also have space restrictions. If you haven’t room for multiple components, you’ll need to consider if you can pool certain functions (such as a turntable with built-in phono stage, a ready-made system with amplifier and CD player combined, or active speakers) to reduce the number of boxes you have to accommodate.

This needn’t affect the quality of your system, and it isn’t a decision that needs be made solely on space - but think carefully about which parts you’re most likely to upgrade when electing those you can combine.

Choose the right speakers

Stereo speaker react differently depending on their position in a room, and how close they are to each other and to any walls, so the best-sounding pair you can afford when listening at a dealership might not be the best-sounding pair when you get them home. We always recommend measuring the dimensions of your room when it comes to choosing the right speakers.

Don’t be blasé when it comes to positioning, either - they’re likely to come with a manual with the manufacturer’s suggestions for placement, but there’s nothing like experimenting with a keen ear.

Consider all options

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Of course, you may not be building your system from scratch. Perhaps you already have one or more components and now you’re looking to find the final pieces of the jigsaw.

We often make the point that you shouldn’t dismiss a product simply on its star-rating in our magazine, but this is a particularly pertinent point if you’re looking to add to something you already own. Certain products may not be flawless all-rounders, but they could well have the blend of talents you’re looking for.

So often in life it’s the little things that can make the biggest impression, and that’s the case with system building.

Budget for any extras

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Set aside funds for quality cables, speaker stands and equipment supports – you simply won’t get your money’s-worth if you don't. And the golden rule, as always, is: never buy anything without having heard it first.

A good support lets your kit perform optimally. Turntables in particular are sensitive and respond well to a rigid, low-resonance platform, so steer clear of those wobbly floorboards or uneven bits of carpet.

And if you can use a dedicated mains outlet, that would be ideal – and avoid placing mains cables and signal cables too close to each other, as performance can suffer.

System suggestions

So there you have it. A few tips and tricks to achieving the system of your dreams. To help you on your way and hopefully provide a few sparks of inspiration, we've put together a few systems over the years that we know work together.

We've covered various bases here: using different sources and system components, setting various budgets, selecting the best products of their time, and reflecting changing listening habits - along with including some helpful alternatives.

Have a look to see what tickles your fancy, and start brainstorming your dream hi-fi system. We'll be adding more systems to this list as and when we've tested them.